Forbhreathnú

An iontráil seo cur síos ar cás-staidéar cur síos ar MRO iarbhír (Cothabháil, Deisiú agus Oibríochtaí) próiseas ceadaithe sreabhadh oibre i bhfeidhm i CAONAIGH.

Ní hé seo an plé follasach teicniúla, ach ina ionad sin feidhmíonn a chur ar fáil fíor-domhan sampla a léiríonn conas a bhuail an ardán MOSS gá fíor-domhan.

(Is é seo an iontráil tras phost idir http://paulgalvin.spaces.live.com agus http://blogs.conchango.com)

Cúlra

Bhí an chliaint próiseas MRO arb iad is sainairíonna an méid seo a leanas

• Próiseas ceadaithe Lámhleabhar.
• Roinnt tacaíocht ag baint úsáide as scarbhileoga Excel.
• Irregular approval process. The same MRO purchase approval process would vary day to day, duine ag duine.
• Go leor de na páipéir agus sínithe lámhscríofa — foréilimh cheannaigh, a cheanglaítear suas go dtí 3 sínithe i scríbhinn roimh faomhadh deiridh.

Ní féidir cuspóirí an togra san áireamh:

• Fully uathoibriú na bpróiseas.
• Caighdeáin fiontraíochta le faomhadh a fhorfheidhmiú.
• Sholáthar dearcadh comhdhlúite de MRO cheannach do bhainisteoirí éagsúla.
• Detailed audit trail.

As a side effect of the solution, Bhí sínithe scríofa ag teastáil a thuilleadh.

Próiseas Faomhadh

The approval process consists of four "swim lanes": Tionscnóir, Bainisteoir Díreach, Bainisteoir Feidhme agus bainisteoir roinn.

Tionscnóir:

Sees the need for the purchase and starts the process. Note that the originator may or may not actually enter the purchase requisition, but instead direct another staff member to do so. Roinnt uaireanta, the originator does not have the technical expertise to fill out the PO requisition. Mar shampla, D'fhéadfadh d'úsáideoir ag iarraidh a fhoréileamh ar ríomhaire glúine nua, ach nach bhfuil a fhios an díoltóir is fearr, Caighdeáin TF, etc. Sa chás seo, the originator works with IT and IT actually fills out the requisition.

Bainisteoir Díreach:

Is é seo an bainisteoir díreach an tionscnóra (d'fhéadfadh a bheith difriúil ón duine a chuaigh i ndáiríre an foréileamh uimhir i CAONAIGH). Direct managers must approve the PO requisition before the system seeks approval further down the line.

Bainisteoir Feidhmeach:

The functional manager is the individual responsible for ensuring that the proposed purchase conforms to enterprise standards within the scope of a particular corporate function. Mar shampla, IT purchases are approved by an IT functional manager.

Bainisteoir Rannóige:

Division managers approve purchase requisitions strictly by dollar amount. Division manager approve purchase requisitions in excess of a configurable dollar amount.

An Réiteach

We used the following tools and components to implement the solution:

CAONAIGH: Serves as the platform off which everything else "hangs". MOSS provides bedrock services for security, máistir sonraí, rianta iniúchta agus gnéithe eile.

Foirmeacha InfoPath Seirbhísí: A chomhpháirt CAONAIGH, seo ar chumas úsáideoirí a líonadh amach foréilimh a cheannach trí bhrabhsálaí gréasáin.

SharePoint Dearthóir (SPD): Úsáid againn SPD a chur i bhfeidhm ar an bpróiseas sreabhadh oibre uathoibrithe.

Seirbhís Gréasáin: A c# web service enhances the user experience by enabling cascading selections lists in the InfoPath form and provides better performance with respect to filtering data. Féach anseo do Léim domhain teicniúil ar an ábhar seo agus na fáthanna atá againn a úsáid.

Liostaí Saincheaptha: MOSS user profiles provided a given user’s direct manager, but did not provide most of the data that controlled workflow decisions (e.g. cibé an bhfuil an bainisteoir rannáin gá a cheadú don fhoréileamh uimhir). We used custom lists in an "Enterprise Data" site to maintain data such as "Divisional Manager Approval Dollar Amount", "Functional Area Manager" and so forth. Lists integrated very nicely with InfoPath and also provide create/update/delete (CRUD) feidhmiúlacht na gcaighdeán iniúchta agus amach as slándáil an bosca.

Bain úsáid as Cás

Léiríonn an cás seo a úsáid conas a oireann an réiteach le chéile:

1. Paul wants a new laptop. He describes his needs to Vivek, duine IT eolach ar na caighdeáin ríomhaire glúine corparáideach, díoltóirí is fearr, etc.
2. Logs Vivek i CAONAIGH, accesses the PO Requisition form and enters the requisition on behalf of Paul. The form prompts Vivek for a purchase category which then uses the web services to populate a drop-down list of company-approved vendors. Vivek also specifies the corporate functional area of this purchase (e.g. "IT" or "Finance").
3. Tosaíonn sreabhadh oibre bunaithe SPD, bainisteoir agus bealaí an ceanglas a bhainisteoir díreach chinnfidh Pól, Stacy.
4. Stacy fhormheasann an foréileamh a cheannach.
5. SPD workflow inspects the requisition and determines it’s an IT purchase. It routes the workflow to the IT functional manager, Wonson.
6. Wonson fhormheasann an foréileamh.
7. SPD sreabhadh oibre iniúchadh arís an fhoréilimh agus go gcinnfidh gur mó an méid a cheannach le méid Dollar Maxium agus bealaí do bhainisteoir rannán ar cheadú.
8. Ceadaíonn an bainisteoir roinn an foréileamh a cheannach.

Nótaí

• The use case demonstrates a "clean" run with no rejections or jumps.
• Every approver has the ability to approve or reject the requisition as well as provide written comments. These are logged in the audit trail.
• Má dhiúltaíonn bainisteoir freagrach an foréileamh a cheannach ag aon phointe, the PO requisition is "dead" and the process must be started from the beginning.
• Sreabhadh oibre in iúl don tionscnóir ag gach céim den phróiseas.
• Uimh sínithe scríofa — an cliant a chinnfear (tar éis roinnt moltaí forceful) go bhfuil an rian iniúchóireachta mar a sholáthraítear trí mheán a stair sreabhadh oibre, sheirbheáil riachtanais a n-iniúchta.
• Iarracht — it took approximately three man weeks to implement this solution.

Conclúid

This solution leverages MOSS as a development and run-time platform. The client was able to leverage core MOSS features to automate a routine business process that affected nearly every employee in the company. With the exception of a simple web service (a ghiaráil féin CAONAIGH), almost no actual "programming" bhí gá le.

The solution also serves as a "showcase" don chliant, demonstrating how different MOSS features can be combined to create a fully featured business application and generate new consulting opportunities in the future.

Gluais

MRO: Cothabháil, repair and operations. These purchases typically include items such as notepads, cathaoireacha, ríomhairí pearsanta, printéirí, teileafóin phóca agus a leithéidí.